{"id":25,"date":"2015-12-08T06:22:47","date_gmt":"2015-12-08T06:22:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.onepage.co.kr\/wordpress\/?p=25"},"modified":"2015-12-08T06:22:47","modified_gmt":"2015-12-08T06:22:47","slug":"linux-command-basic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.onepage.co.kr\/wordpress\/index.php\/2015\/12\/08\/linux-command-basic\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux command basic"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u200b<\/a><\/p>\n

\uc6d0\ub798 \ubd80\ud305\uc2dc \uc815\ud574\uc9c4 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \ub610\ub294 \uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\ub97c \uc2e4\ud589\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uac74 init (System V Init)\ub77c\ub294 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc758 \ubaab\uc774\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc720\ub2c9\uc2a4\uac00 \ucc98\uc74c \uc0dd\uae38\ub54c\ubd80\ud130 \uadf8\ub798\uc654\uace0, \uc9c0\uae08\ub3c4 \uadf8\ub807\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.(\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc9c0\uae08\uc740 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc544\uc774\ub85c \uad50\uccb4\ub418\ub294 \uc2dc\uae30\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.) init\ub294 \uadf8 \uc774\ub984\ucc98\ub7fc \ub9ac\ub205\uc2a4\uc758 \ucd08\uae30\ud654\ubd80\ubd84\uc744 \ub2f4\ub2f9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
init \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \/etc\/rc.d\/init.d \ub514\ub809\ud1a0\ub9ac\uc5d0 \ubd80\ud305\uc2dc \uc2e4\ud589\ud560 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\ub97c \ub123\uc73c\uba74, init\ub294 \ubd80\ud305\uc774\ub098 \ud2b9\uc815\ud589\ub3d9\uc774 \uc788\uc744\ub54c \uadf8 \uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\ub4e4\uc744 \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc2e4\ud589\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uc5ed\ud65c\uc744 \ud588\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\uba74 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 chkconfig\uba85\ub839\uc73c\ub85c \uc790\ub3d9\uc2e4\ud589 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\ub97c \uad00\ub9ac\ud558\uac70\ub098 service start \uba85\ub839\uc73c\ub85c \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\ub4e4\uc744 \uc2e4\ud589\ud0a4\uac70\ub098 \ub04c \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc centos 7\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4\uc628 \ud604\uc7ac…<\/div>\n
\ub05d\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc720\uc9c0\ub420 \uac83 \uac19\uc558\ub358 init\ub294 systemd\uc774\ub77c\ub294\u00a0\uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4\u00a0\uc544\uc774\uc5d0\uac8c \uc784\ubb34\ub97c \ube7c\uc557\ubc84\ub838\ub2f5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uacb0\uad6d \uc720\ub205\uc2a4 \ud0c4\uc0dd\ubd80\ud130 \ud56d\uc0c1 init\uac00 \uc788\uc5c8\ub358 \uc790\ub9ac.. \ud504\ub85c\uc138\uc2a41(PID 1)\uc758 \uc790\ub9ac \ub610\ud55c\u00a0systemd\uc5d0\uac8c \ube7c\uc557\uae30\uace0 \ub9d0\uc558\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\u00a0<\/div>\n
\ub530\ub77c\uc11c centos 7\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ubd80\ud305 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\ub97c\u00a0systemd \uc5d0\uc11c \uad00\ub9ac\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. init\ub294 \uc5c6\uc5b4\uc9c0\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\uc558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc81c \uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \ud558\uc9c0\ubabb\ud558\ub294 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
1. init\ub97c \ubc00\uc5b4\ub0b8 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc544\uc774 systemd\uc758 \uc815\uccb4<\/div>\n
systemd\ub294 init\uc5d0 \ube44\ud574 \uc6b0\uc6d4\ud55c \uc131\ub2a5\uacfc \ubb50\ub4e0\uc9c0 \uc798\ud558\ub294 \uc7ac\ub2a5(\uae30\ub2a5)\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\uc57c\ub9d0\ub85c “\uc5c4\uce5c\uc544”\uc600\ub358 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub2c8\uae4c \uac1c\ubc1c\uc790\ub4e4\ub3c4\u00a0systemd \ub9e4\ub825\uc5d0 \ud760\ubed1 \ube60\uc84c\uae30\uc5d0 \ub370\ub824\uc654\uaca0\uc8e0..\u00a0<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
systemd\ub294 \uc815\ub9d0 \uae30\ub2a5\uc774 \ub9ce\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uad00\ub9ac, \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \ub85c\uadf8\uad00\ub9ac, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uad00\ub9ac, \uc2dc\uac04, \uc6d0\uaca9, cgroup \uad00\ub9ac\ub4f1.. \ucc38 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc77c\uc774 \ub9ce\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc758 \uc804\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \uad00\ub9ac\ub97c \uc804\ubd80 systemd \uc774 \ub2f4\ub2f9\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc544\uc774\ub294 \ubd80\ud305\uc2dc \uc2e4\ud589\ud558\ub294 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\ub97c \ucd5c\uc18c\ud654\ud558\uace0, \ucd94\ud6c4 \ubcd1\ub82c\uc2e4\ud589\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc815\ucc45\uc744 \uac16\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0\u00a0centos 7 \uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ubd80\ud305\uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \ub9ce\uc774 \uc79b\uc544\uc84c\ub2f5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
\ucc38\uc870\uc0ac\ud56d : http:\/\/www.freedesktop.org\/wiki\/Software\/systemd\/<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
\uc7a1\uc124\uc774\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc544\uc774\ub97c \ub370\ub824\uc624\uae30\uc804 \ub9d0\ub4e4\uc774 \ub9ce\uc558\ub2e4\uace0 \ud574\uc694.. \uae30\ub2a5\ub9ce\uc740 \uc544\uc774\uac00 “\ud55c\uac00\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc798\ud558\uc790”\ub77c\ub294 \uc720\ub2c9\uc2a4\uc758 \ucca0\ud559(?)\uacfc \ub9de\uc9c0\uc54a\ub2e4\ub294 \uc758\uacac\ub3c4 \uc788\uc5c8\uace0, \uc624\ub7ab\ub3d9\uc548 \ud568\uaed8\ud55c init\ub97c \ubc84\ub9ac\uc790\ub2c8, \uc2ac\ud504\ub2e4(?)\ub294 \uc758\uacac\ub3c4 \uc788\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ucc98\ub7fc \ub17c\ub780\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4\uace0 \ud574\uc694.. \uc9d1\uc548(\ub9ac\ub205\uc2a4)\uc5d0 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc544\uc774\ub97c \ub4e4\uc774\ub294 \ubb38\uc81c\ub85c…<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
2.\u00a0systemd \uc7a0\uc2dc \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uae30<\/div>\n
\uc774 \uae00\uc758 \ubaa9\uc801\uacfc\ub294 \ubcc4\ub85c \uc0c1\uad00\uc5c6\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uadf8\ub798\ub3c4 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc544\uc774\ub97c \ub9cc\ub0ac\uc73c\ub2c8, \ud55c\ubc88 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubd05\uc2dc\ub2e4.<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
\uba3c\uc800 systemd\uc758 \uc124\uc815\ud30c\uc77c\ub4e4\uc740\u00a0\/etc\/systemd \uc5d0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\u00a0<\/div>\n
( bootchart.conf \u00a0logind.conf \u00a0system.conf \u00a0user.conf )<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
systemd\ub294\u00a0\uc124\uc815\ud30c\uc77c\uacfc \ubbf8\ub9ac \uc815\uc758\ub41c Service, Target \ud30c\uc77c\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574\uc11c \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc744 \uc81c\uc5b4\ud558\uac8c \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud30c\uc77c\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \ub514\ub809\ud1a0\ub9ac\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/div>\n
\uad00\ub828\ub41c \ubc14\uc774\ub108\ub9ac \uc2e4\ud589\ud30c\uc77c :\u00a0\/usr\/lib\/systemd<\/div>\n
Service, Target \ud30c\uc77c :\u00a0\/usr\/lib\/systemd\/system<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
* \uc720\uc6a9\ud55c \uba85\ub839\uc5b4<\/div>\n
# systemd-analyze : \ubd80\ud305\uc5d0 \uac78\ub9b0\uc2dc\uac04 \ud45c\uc2dc<\/div>\n
#\u00a0systemd-analyze blame : \ubd80\ud305\uc2dc \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\ubcc4\u00a0\uac78\ub9b0\u00a0\uc2dc\uac04\ud45c\uc2dc<\/div>\n
#\u00a0journalctl : \ubd80\ud305\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c \uc804\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \ub85c\uadf8<\/div>\n
#\u00a0journalctl -b : \ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9 \ubd80\ud305 \uc774\ud6c4 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \ub85c\uadf8<\/div>\n
#\u00a0hostnamectl : \ud638\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uc774\ub984\ud45c\uc2dc<\/div>\n
#\u00a0hostnamectl set-hostname [\ubcc0\uacbd\uc774\ub984] : \ud638\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc774\ub984 \ubcc0\uacbd<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
3.\u00a0systemd \uc5d0\uc11c \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uad00\ub9ac\ud558\uae30<\/div>\n
A. \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ud45c\uc2dc<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
– \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294 \uc804\uccb4 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \ubaa9\ub85d<\/div>\n
# systemctl\u00a0<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
– \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \ubaa9\ub85d (\ud65c\uc131\ud654 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub9cc \ud45c\uc2dc)\u00a0<\/div>\n
# systemctl list-unit-files<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
– \ubd80\ud305\uc2dc \uc2e4\ud589\uc5d0 \uc2e4\ud328\ud55c \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\ubaa9\ub85d<\/div>\n
#\u00a0systemctl –failed<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
– \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \ud65c\uc131\ud654 \uc5ec\ubd80<\/div>\n
#\u00a0systemctl is-enabled [\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uba85]<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
– \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \ud604\uc7ac \ub3d9\uc791 \uc5ec\ubd80<\/div>\n
#\u00a0systemctl is-active [\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uba85]<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
– \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uc758 \uc790\uc138\ud55c \uc0c1\ud0dc (\ud574\ub2f9 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uc758 \ub85c\uadf8\ub3c4 \ud45c\uc2dc)<\/div>\n
#\u00a0systemctl status -l [\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uba85]<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
B. \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uc81c\uc5b4<\/div>\n
\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\ub97c \ud65c\uc131\ud654\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uba74 \ubd80\ud305\uc2dc \ud574\ub2f9 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uac00 \uc790\ub3d9\uc2e4\ud589\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
– \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \ud65c\uc131\ud654<\/div>\n
# systemctl enable [\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uba85]<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
– \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \ube44\ud65c\uc131\ud654<\/div>\n
# systemctl disable [\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uba85]<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
– \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uc2dc\uc791<\/div>\n
# systemctl start [\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uba85]<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
– \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uc885\ub8cc<\/div>\n
# systemctl stop [\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uba85]<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
– \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uc7ac\uc2dc\uc791<\/div>\n
# systemctl restart [\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uba85]<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
– \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uac31\uc2e0<\/div>\n
# systemctl reload [\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uba85]<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
\uc704\uc758 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uc124\uc815\uc744 \ub370\ubaac\uc5d0 \uc989\uc2dc \ubc18\uc601\ud558\ub824\uba74 \uc544\ub798 \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub97c \uc2e4\ud589\ud558\uba74 \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/div>\n
#systemctl daemon-reload<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
– \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uc640 \uad00\ub828\ub41c \ud504\ub85c\uc138\uc2a4\ub3c4 \ubaa8\ub450 \uc8fd\uc784<\/div>\n
#\u00a0systemctl kill\u00a0[\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uba85]<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u200b \uc6d0\ub798 \ubd80\ud305\uc2dc \uc815\ud574\uc9c4 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \ub610\ub294 \uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\ub97c \uc2e4\ud589\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uac74 init (System V Init)\ub77c\ub294 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc758 \ubaab\uc774\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc720\ub2c9\uc2a4\uac00 \ucc98\uc74c \uc0dd\uae38\ub54c\ubd80\ud130 \uadf8\ub798\uc654\uace0, \uc9c0\uae08\ub3c4 \uadf8\ub807\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.(\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc9c0\uae08\uc740 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc544\uc774\ub85c \uad50\uccb4\ub418\ub294 \uc2dc\uae30\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.) init\ub294 \uadf8 \uc774\ub984\ucc98\ub7fc \ub9ac\ub205\uc2a4\uc758 \ucd08\uae30\ud654\ubd80\ubd84\uc744 \ub2f4\ub2f9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \u00a0 init \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \/etc\/rc.d\/init.d \ub514\ub809\ud1a0\ub9ac\uc5d0 \ubd80\ud305\uc2dc \uc2e4\ud589\ud560 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\ub97c \ub123\uc73c\uba74, init\ub294 \ubd80\ud305\uc774\ub098 \ud2b9\uc815\ud589\ub3d9\uc774 \uc788\uc744\ub54c \uadf8 \uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\ub4e4\uc744 \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc2e4\ud589\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uc5ed\ud65c\uc744 \ud588\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\uba74 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 chkconfig\uba85\ub839\uc73c\ub85c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-about-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.onepage.co.kr\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.onepage.co.kr\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.onepage.co.kr\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.onepage.co.kr\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.onepage.co.kr\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.onepage.co.kr\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26,"href":"https:\/\/www.onepage.co.kr\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25\/revisions\/26"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.onepage.co.kr\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.onepage.co.kr\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.onepage.co.kr\/wordpress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}